New York's Capital Region in 50 Objects

New York's Capital Region in 50 Objects

Introduction

Each region of the nation has its own distinctive history and identity. The New York’s Capital Region—consisting of Albany, Rensselaer, Schenectady, and Saratoga Counties—is no different. But what best identifies the region? What events, objects, people, and ideas have contributed to its character and uniqueness?

To learn the answers, we presented these questions to the numerous museums, historical organizations, libraries, and residents of the Capital Region. The fifty objects that were ultimately selected present an exciting history of the Capital Region, including well-known favorites but also unexpected surprises. Some of the fifty objects characterize very broad topics like the textile industry and the Hudson River School of art, while others embody large populations of people who shaped the character of the region, such as the Dutch and the Iroquois. Many objects represent specific people or events, such as writer William Kennedy and the Battle of Saratoga. In some instances, the objects represent themselves, like the GE Monitor Top refrigerator and Albany’s beloved Nipper statue. A complementary image accompanies each of the fifty objects, providing context and additional information.

Overall, the fifty objects clearly demonstrate that this narrowly circumscribed part of New York State has played an astonishing role in shaping the history of the nation and, in several instances, the world beyond the confines of our national borders.

Cold Weather Mission of the New York Air National Guard 109th Airlift Wing

The Scotia, New York, based New York Air National Guard 109th Airlift Wing operates the world’s only ski-equipped LC-130H Hercules aircraft. The Wing supported the Cold War Distant Early Warning (DEW) Line radar sites in Greenland until they were shut down in the late 1980s. Currently, the Wing provides airlift support to the National Science Foundation's Antarctic research program and to scientific researchers in Greenland.

In October of 1999, the 109th Airlift Wing was involved in the rescue of a doctor with breast cancer symptoms who was based at isolated Amundsen-Scott research station in Antarctica.

Jet-assisted take-off (JATO) rockets, like the one shown here, are used to help the LC-130s obtain flying speed when operating on ice.

Jet-Assisted Take-Off (JATO) Rocket

Aerojet General Corporation

1954

Steel and plastic

Courtesy of Empire State Aerosciences Museum, 2014.004.001

LC-130 Taking off from the Ice

Photograph

Courtesy of Empire State Aerosciences Museum, 2013.999.12

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Colonel Elmer Ellsworth (1837-1861), 11th New York Volunteers

Born in Malta, New York, in 1837, and raised in nearby Mechanicville, Elmer Ellsworth moved to Rockford, Illinois, in 1854 and then to Chicago in 1859. There he formed the United States Zouave Cadets, which, under his command, popularized the colorful Zouave uniform and acrobatic drill after a six-week Eastern cities tour during the summer of 1860, including stops across New York State. After the tour, Ellsworth moved to Springfield, Illinois, and joined Abraham Lincoln’s law office. At the start of the Civil War, he returned to New York City to recruit a Zouave regiment, the “1st New York Fire Zouaves,” or the 11th New York Volunteers, from the city’s volunteer firemen.

As Union forces, including Ellsworth’s 11th New York Volunteers, departed Washington, D.C., on May 24, 1861, to wrestle Alexandria, Virginia, from Confederate hands, Ellsworth decided to remove a large Confederate national flag from atop the Marshall House hotel. With a small party, Ellsworth climbed to the roof and cut down the flag. On his way down, the hotel’s proprietor, James T. Jackson, shot and killed Ellsworth, who was wearing this double-breasted gray wool frock coat. Ellsworth’s death made him a martyr for the Union cause and inspired recruits from across New York State to become “Ellsworth Avengers.”

Officer’s Frock Coat worn by Colonel Elmer Ellsworth, 11th New York Volunteers

1861

Wool, brass buttons

Courtesy of New York State Military Museum and Veterans Research Center

A Requiem. In Memory of Ellsworth

Composed by George William Warren

Printed by Sarony, Major & Knapp, New York City

c. 1861

Lithograph on paper

Courtesy of Private Collection

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China Trade

After winning its independence from Great Britain in 1783 following the signing of the Treaty of Paris, the new nation of the United States ventured almost immediately into the lucrative and dangerous world of maritime trade. The distant lands of China became one of the most desirable destinations because of the exotic goods it offered, such as tea, spices, silk, and porcelain.

Captain Stewart Dean of Albany entered the China trade with his sixty-foot-long sloop named the Experiment. The sloop was built in Albany in 1784 and Dean sailed it on several merchant voyages before deciding in 1785 to take it to China. With a tiny crew of seven men and two boys, Dean sailed the Experiment to China and successfully returned to Albany eighteen months later in the summer of 1787, a voyage of 14,000 nautical miles. The cargo he carried back to New York made a sizable profit for Dean, his partner Teunis Van Vechten of Albany, and the voyage’s New York City investors. The Experiment was only the second U.S. merchant ship to make the arduous round trip voyage to China.

Dean’s cargo from the Experiment included the porcelain teacup and saucer shown here. It belonged to a larger tea set that its original owners would have valued as an exotic luxury item.

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Chinese Export Porcelain Cup and Saucer

China, probably Jingdezhen | c. 1786

Maker: China, probably Jingdezhen

Dimensions: 1 3/4 H x 3 1/8 Dia (cup).; 1 1/8 H x 4 7/8 Dia. (saucer)

Credit: Gift of Peter Gansevoort Ten Eyck

The Return of the Experiment

Len Tantillo

1994

Oil on canvas

Courtesy of Len Tantillo

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